〜から・〜ので

Put the reason before から or ので and the result after it. Both explain a cause. から often states the speaker’s reason directly; ので often sounds gentler when explaining circumstances. The whole sentence and relationship between speakers determine the appropriate tone.

1. 1Verb / い-adjective in plain form + から / ので
2. 2Noun / な-adjective stem + だから / なので (nonpast affirmative)
3. 3Past noun / な-adjective: だったから / だったので
4. 4Polite reason: ですから / ですので; ますから / ますので

1. 1雨が強いから、今日は家で映画を見よう。The rain is heavy, so let’s watch a film at home today.
2. 2明日は休みなので、少し遠くまで出かけます。Since tomorrow is a day off, I’m going to go a little farther afield.

After a nonpast affirmative noun or な-adjective, remember だ before から and な before ので. 便利だから and 便利なので have different connectors. Neither choice by itself makes the entire sentence polite or impolite.

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1. 第4条な形容詞＋だった・でしたDescribe a past quality or condition
2. 第5条い形容詞＋かったPut an い-adjective into the past
3. 第10条〜おかげでThanks to; credit a helpful cause

• Tofugu: Conjunctive particle ので ↗ (opens in a new tab)
• Tae Kim: Compound sentences and reasons ↗ (opens in a new tab)